It's been studied. Charlie and I are totally right.
Yeah, that article is....pretty poorly written (as a research/stats article). Here's the basic argument:
Poor people list economic reasons as a motivation for joining at a higher rate than wealthy people. There are no numbers for this given by the way, just racial demographics. Those demographics show that ~50% of blacks, ~40% of latinos, and ~20% of caucasians join for economic reasons.
From this, and an assumption of a strong correlation between race and income (not explicity mentioned by the way), you can say that the army is primarily from poor families. Why they didn't simply use economic data is beyond me, because this isn't a good way to make that argument at all.
Then comes the conclusion: "It is difficult for young people in settings of poverty who want further education or job training to refuse these offers."
Why? That is not the only conclusion. You could also argue that a person coming from an impovrished background sees the military as a better option than the other options available. The article touches on that slightly
"While some enter the military because they have chosen it from an array of meaningful opportunities, others enter the military because it appears as the only path available out of a setting of poverty. For these enlistees, the realities of poverty and racism make military service an option they can hardly refuse rather than something they have freely chosen. "
So they acknowledge that there are complex metrics for decision making involved, but then just tell us to ignore them because they "can hardly refuse". Really? Why can't they refuse?
The only real conclusion you can make from that data is that minorities cite economic reasons for joining in larger numbers than caucasians. Now the Why? of that is a much more complex question.
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Then there's some other interesting stats that the article mentions, but refuses to follow its own logic in applying (this being the strong link between racial demographic, economic position, and enlistment).
"Hispanic enlistments are still lagging well behind their percent of the population".
This goes against the idea that race/poverty are such a primary cause of enlistment, because if it was then this number would be higher.
"African Americans are currently joining the military nearly in proportion to their percentage in the population, a sharp decline from earlier enlistment rates"
That's interesting, because African Americans are going through a pretty serious increase in poverty rates right now due to the recession. Yet their enlistment numbers are dwindling.
And here's the best one. The one that the article doesn't even include in its chart, I had to dig the numbers out myself.
Caucasians enlistment rates have increased to above their proportion of the population. In fact they are higher, relative to their civ pop, than either African Americans OR Hispanics. I find it incredibly telling that the previous graph includes the caucasian numbers but this one decides not to.
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This isn't to say that I don't agree that the military appeals more to the poor in a lot of cases. I just find that article to be complete trash.