Well, I'd be surprised if it were satellite. You might be able to get slow data from a satellite without a dish (ie, GPS), but sending anything more than text messages without an aimed dish, even slowly, is not terribly likely. There are some beam forming antennas you can get that could do it without an unwieldy dish on top of the vehicle, but if you have some technology that allows images, even just a single frame per minute, sent via satellite cheaply without any visible satellite dish then I'd certainly like to hear more about it.
As it is I suspect it's cellular, wimax, or similar terrestrial based radio system. Belgium is small enough that a security service might feasibly build out its own radio system, but it's more likely on an existing carrier's network.